Proteases catalyze hydrolysis of which type of bonds?

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Proteases catalyze the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in proteins. These peptide bonds are amide bonds that link amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Water is added across the bond, breaking the chain into shorter peptides or free amino acids. This is different from the bonds in other biomolecules: glycosidic bonds in carbohydrates are cleaved by glycosidases, and the backbone of nucleic acids is held together by phosphodiester bonds, cleaved by nucleases. So the key action of proteases is breaking amide (peptide) bonds to proteolyze proteins.